reverse mode: support wildcard exclude (--exclude-wildcard)

This adds support for gitignore-like wildcards and exclude patters in
reverse mode. It (somewhat) fixes #273: no regexp support, but the
syntax should be powerful enough to satisfy most needs.

Also, since adding a lot of --exclude options can be tedious, it adds
the --exclude-from option to read patterns from a file (or files).

28 files changed, 625 insertions, 160 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/MANPAGE.md b/Documentation/MANPAGE.md
index 5802fb3..6fa5156 100644
--- a/Documentation/MANPAGE.md
+++ b/Documentation/MANPAGE.md
@@ -78,10 +78,29 @@ harvest enough entropy.
 
 #### -e PATH, -exclude PATH
 Only for reverse mode: exclude relative plaintext path from the encrypted
-view. Can be passed multiple times. Example:
+view, matching only from root of mounted filesystem. Can be passed multiple
+times. Example:
 
     gocryptfs -reverse -exclude Music -exclude Movies /home/user /mnt/user.encrypted
 
+See also `-exclude-wildcard`, `-exclude-from` and the [EXCLUDING FILES](#excluding-files) section.
+
+#### -ew PATH, -exclude-wildcard PATH
+Only for reverse mode: exclude paths from the encrypted view, matching anywhere.
+Wildcards supported. Can be passed multiple times. Example:
+
+    gocryptfs -reverse -exclude-wildcard '*~' /home/user /mnt/user.encrypted
+
+See also `-exclude`, `-exclude-from` and the [EXCLUDING FILES](#excluding-files) section.
+
+#### -exclude-from FILE
+Only for reverse mode: reads exclusion patters (using `-exclude-wildcard` syntax)
+from a file. Can be passed multiple times. Example:
+
+    gocryptfs -reverse -exclude-from ~/crypt-exclusions /home/user /mnt/user.encrypted
+
+See also `-exclude`, `-exclude-wildcard` and the [EXCLUDING FILES](#excluding-files) section.
+
 #### -exec, -noexec
 Enable (`-exec`) or disable (`-noexec`) executables in a gocryptfs mount
 (default: `-exec`). If both are specified, `-noexec` takes precedence.
@@ -404,6 +423,67 @@ automated testing as it does not provide any security.
 Stop option parsing. Helpful when CIPHERDIR may start with a
 dash "-".
 
+EXCLUDING FILES
+===============
+
+In reverse mode, it is possible to exclude files from the encrypted view, using
+the `-exclude`, `-exclude-wildcard` and `-exclude-from` options.
+
+`-exclude` matches complete paths, so `-exclude file.txt` only excludes a file
+named `file.txt` in the root of the mounted filesystem; files named `file.txt`
+in subdirectories are still visible. (This option is kept for compatibility
+with the behavior up to version 1.6.x)
+
+`-exclude-wildcard` matches files anywhere, so `-exclude-wildcard file.txt`
+excludes files named `file.txt` in any directory. If you want to match complete
+paths, you can prefix the filename with a `/`: `-exclude-wildcard /file.txt`
+excludes only `file.txt` in the root of the mounted filesystem.
+
+If there are many exclusions, you can use `-exclude-from` to read exclusion
+patterns from a file. The syntax is that of `-exclude-wildcard`, so use a
+leading `/` to match complete paths.
+
+The rules for exclusion are that of [gitignore](https://git-scm.com/docs/gitignore#_pattern_format).
+In short:
+
+1. A blank line matches no files, so it can serve as a separator
+   for readability.
+2. A line starting with `#` serves as a comment. Put a backslash (`\`)
+   in front of the first hash for patterns that begin with a hash.
+3. Trailing spaces are ignored unless they are quoted with backslash (`\`).
+4. An optional prefix `!` negates the pattern; any matching file
+   excluded by a previous pattern will become included again. It is not
+   possible to re-include a file if a parent directory of that file is
+   excluded. Put a backslash (`\`) in front of the first `!` for
+   patterns that begin with a literal `!`, for example, `\!important!.txt`.
+5. If the pattern ends with a slash, it is removed for the purpose of the
+   following description, but it would only find a match with a directory.
+   In other words, `foo/` will match a directory foo and paths underneath it,
+   but will not match a regular file or a symbolic link foo.
+6. If the pattern does not contain a slash `/`, it is treated as a shell glob
+   pattern and checked for a match against the pathname relative to the
+   root of the mounted filesystem.
+7. Otherwise, the pattern is treated as a shell glob suitable for
+   consumption by fnmatch(3) with the FNM_PATHNAME flag: wildcards in the
+   pattern will not match a `/` in the pathname. For example,
+   `Documentation/*.html` matches `Documentation/git.html` but not
+   `Documentation/ppc/ppc.html` or `tools/perf/Documentation/perf.html`.
+8. A leading slash matches the beginning of the pathname. For example,
+   `/*.c` matches `cat-file.c` but not `mozilla-sha1/sha1.c`.
+9. Two consecutive asterisks (`**`) in patterns matched against full
+   pathname may have special meaning:
+    i.   A leading `**` followed by a slash means match in all directories.
+         For example, `**/foo` matches file or directory `foo` anywhere,
+         the same as pattern `foo`. `**/foo/bar` matches file or directory
+         `bar` anywhere that is directly under directory `foo`.
+    ii.  A trailing `/**` matches everything inside. For example, `abc/**`
+         matches all files inside directory `abc`, with infinite depth.
+    iii. A slash followed by two consecutive asterisks then a slash matches
+         zero or more directories. For example, `a/**/b` matches `a/b`,
+         `a/x/b`, `a/x/y/b` and so on.
+    iv.  Other consecutive asterisks are considered invalid.
+
+
 EXAMPLES
 ========
 
diff --git a/cli_args.go b/cli_args.go
index 425730a..c434abb 100644
--- a/cli_args.go
+++ b/cli_args.go
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ type argContainer struct {
 	memprofile, ko, passfile, ctlsock, fsname, force_owner, trace string
 	// -extpass can be passed multiple times
 	extpass multipleStrings
-	// For reverse mode, -exclude is available. It can be specified multiple times.
-	exclude multipleStrings
+	// For reverse mode, several ways to specify exclusions. All can be specified multiple times.
+	exclude, excludeWildcard, excludeFrom multipleStrings
 	// Configuration file name override
 	config             string
 	notifypid, scryptn int
@@ -193,9 +193,13 @@ func parseCliOpts() (args argContainer) {
 	flagSet.StringVar(&args.force_owner, "force_owner", "", "uid:gid pair to coerce ownership")
 	flagSet.StringVar(&args.trace, "trace", "", "Write execution trace to file")
 
-	// -e, --exclude
+	// Exclusion options
 	flagSet.Var(&args.exclude, "e", "Alias for -exclude")
 	flagSet.Var(&args.exclude, "exclude", "Exclude relative path from reverse view")
+	flagSet.Var(&args.excludeWildcard, "ew", "Alias for -exclude-wildcard")
+	flagSet.Var(&args.excludeWildcard, "exclude-wildcard", "Exclude path from reverse view, supporting wildcards")
+	flagSet.Var(&args.excludeFrom, "exclude-from", "File from which to read exclusion patterns (with -exclude-wildcard syntax)")
+
 	// -extpass
 	flagSet.Var(&args.extpass, "extpass", "Use external program for the password prompt")
 
diff --git a/internal/fusefrontend/args.go b/internal/fusefrontend/args.go
index 5fb72cd..e767f28 100644
--- a/internal/fusefrontend/args.go
+++ b/internal/fusefrontend/args.go
@@ -30,6 +30,13 @@ type Args struct {
 	SerializeReads bool
 	// Force decode even if integrity check fails (openSSL only)
 	ForceDecode bool
-	// Exclude is a list of paths to make inaccessible
+	// Exclude is a list of paths to make inaccessible, starting match at
+	// the filesystem root
 	Exclude []string
+	// ExcludeWildcards is a list of paths to make inaccessible, matched
+	// anywhere, and supporting wildcards
+	ExcludeWildcard []string
+	// ExcludeFrom is a list of files from which to read exclusion patterns
+	// (with wildcard syntax)
+	ExcludeFrom []string
 }
diff --git a/internal/fusefrontend/fs.go b/internal/fusefrontend/fs.go
index ff628e5..2c40942 100644
--- a/internal/fusefrontend/fs.go
+++ b/internal/fusefrontend/fs.go
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ type FS struct {
 	// states
 	dirIVLock sync.RWMutex
 	// Filename encryption helper
-	nameTransform *nametransform.NameTransform
+	nameTransform nametransform.NameTransformer
 	// Content encryption helper
 	contentEnc *contentenc.ContentEnc
 	// This lock is used by openWriteOnlyFile() to block concurrent opens while
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ type FS struct {
 //var _ pathfs.FileSystem = &FS{} // Verify that interface is implemented.
 
 // NewFS returns a new encrypted FUSE overlay filesystem.
-func NewFS(args Args, c *contentenc.ContentEnc, n *nametransform.NameTransform) *FS {
+func NewFS(args Args, c *contentenc.ContentEnc, n nametransform.NameTransformer) *FS {
 	if args.SerializeReads {
 		serialize_reads.InitSerializer()
 	}
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ func (fs *FS) decryptSymlinkTarget(cData64 string) (string, error) {
 	if cData64 == "" {
 		return "", nil
 	}
-	cData, err := fs.nameTransform.B64.DecodeString(cData64)
+	cData, err := fs.nameTransform.B64DecodeString(cData64)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ func (fs *FS) encryptSymlinkTarget(data string) (cData64 string) {
 		return ""
 	}
 	cData := fs.contentEnc.EncryptBlock([]byte(data), 0, nil)
-	cData64 = fs.nameTransform.B64.EncodeToString(cData)
+	cData64 = fs.nameTransform.B64EncodeToString(cData)
 	return cData64
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/fusefrontend/xattr.go b/internal/fusefrontend/xattr.go
index 1de9cac..20e8db7 100644
--- a/internal/fusefrontend/xattr.go
+++ b/internal/fusefrontend/xattr.go
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ func (fs *FS) decryptXattrValue(cData []byte) (data []byte, err error) {
 	}
 	// This backward compatibility is needed to support old
 	// file systems having xattr values base64-encoded.
-	cData, err2 := fs.nameTransform.B64.DecodeString(string(cData))
+	cData, err2 := fs.nameTransform.B64DecodeString(string(cData))
 	if err2 != nil {
 		// Looks like the value was not base64-encoded, but just corrupt.
 		// Return the original decryption error: err1
diff --git a/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/excluder.go b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/excluder.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c0941a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/excluder.go
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+package fusefrontend_reverse
+
+import (
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/exitcodes"
+	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/fusefrontend"
+	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/tlog"
+
+	"github.com/sabhiram/go-gitignore"
+)
+
+// prepareExcluder creates an object to check if paths are excluded
+// based on the patterns specified in the command line.
+func (rfs *ReverseFS) prepareExcluder(args fusefrontend.Args) {
+	if len(args.Exclude) > 0 || len(args.ExcludeWildcard) > 0 || len(args.ExcludeFrom) > 0 {
+		excluder, err := ignore.CompileIgnoreLines(getExclusionPatterns(args)...)
+		if err != nil {
+			tlog.Fatal.Printf("Error compiling exclusion rules: %q", err)
+			os.Exit(exitcodes.ExcludeError)
+		}
+		rfs.excluder = excluder
+	}
+}
+
+// getExclusionPatters prepares a list of patterns to be excluded.
+// Patterns passed in the -exclude command line option are prefixed
+// with a leading '/' to preserve backwards compatibility (before
+// wildcard matching was implemented, exclusions always were matched
+// agains the full path).
+func getExclusionPatterns(args fusefrontend.Args) []string {
+	patterns := make([]string, len(args.Exclude)+len(args.ExcludeWildcard))
+	// add -exclude
+	for i, p := range args.Exclude {
+		patterns[i] = "/" + p
+	}
+	// add -exclude-wildcard
+	copy(patterns[len(args.Exclude):], args.ExcludeWildcard)
+	// add -exclude-from
+	for _, file := range args.ExcludeFrom {
+		lines, err := getLines(file)
+		if err != nil {
+			tlog.Fatal.Printf("Error reading exclusion patterns: %q", err)
+			os.Exit(exitcodes.ExcludeError)
+		}
+		patterns = append(patterns, lines...)
+	}
+	return patterns
+}
+
+// getLines reads a file and splits it into lines
+func getLines(file string) ([]string, error) {
+	buffer, err := ioutil.ReadFile(file)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return strings.Split(string(buffer), "\n"), nil
+}
+
+// isExcludedPlain finds out if the plaintext path "pPath" is
+// excluded (used when -exclude is passed by the user).
+func (rfs *ReverseFS) isExcludedPlain(pPath string) bool {
+	return rfs.excluder != nil && rfs.excluder.MatchesPath(pPath)
+}
diff --git a/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/excluder_test.go b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/excluder_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e19b99f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/excluder_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+package fusefrontend_reverse
+
+import (
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/fusefrontend"
+)
+
+func TestShouldNoCreateExcluderIfNoPattersWereSpecified(t *testing.T) {
+	var rfs ReverseFS
+	var args fusefrontend.Args
+	rfs.prepareExcluder(args)
+	if rfs.excluder != nil {
+		t.Error("Should not have created excluder")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShouldPrefixExcludeValuesWithSlash(t *testing.T) {
+	var args fusefrontend.Args
+	args.Exclude = []string{"file1", "dir1/file2.txt"}
+	args.ExcludeWildcard = []string{"*~", "build/*.o"}
+
+	expected := []string{"/file1", "/dir1/file2.txt", "*~", "build/*.o"}
+
+	patterns := getExclusionPatterns(args)
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(patterns, expected) {
+		t.Errorf("expected %q, got %q", expected, patterns)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShouldReadExcludePatternsFromFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpfile1, err := ioutil.TempFile("", "excludetest")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	exclude1 := tmpfile1.Name()
+	defer os.Remove(exclude1)
+	defer tmpfile1.Close()
+
+	tmpfile2, err := ioutil.TempFile("", "excludetest")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	exclude2 := tmpfile2.Name()
+	defer os.Remove(exclude2)
+	defer tmpfile2.Close()
+
+	tmpfile1.WriteString("file1.1\n")
+	tmpfile1.WriteString("file1.2\n")
+	tmpfile2.WriteString("file2.1\n")
+	tmpfile2.WriteString("file2.2\n")
+
+	var args fusefrontend.Args
+	args.ExcludeWildcard = []string{"cmdline1"}
+	args.ExcludeFrom = []string{exclude1, exclude2}
+
+	// An empty string is returned for the last empty line
+	// It's ignored when the patterns are actually compiled
+	expected := []string{"cmdline1", "file1.1", "file1.2", "", "file2.1", "file2.2", ""}
+
+	patterns := getExclusionPatterns(args)
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(patterns, expected) {
+		t.Errorf("expected %q, got %q", expected, patterns)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShouldReturnFalseIfThereAreNoExclusions(t *testing.T) {
+	var rfs ReverseFS
+	if rfs.isExcludedPlain("any/path") {
+		t.Error("Should not exclude any path if no exclusions were specified")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShouldCallIgnoreParserToCheckExclusion(t *testing.T) {
+	rfs, ignorerMock := createRFSWithMocks()
+
+	rfs.isExcludedPlain("some/path")
+	if ignorerMock.calledWith != "some/path" {
+		t.Error("Failed to call IgnoreParser")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/isexcluded_test.go b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/isexcluded_test.go
deleted file mode 100644
index fc3831a..0000000
--- a/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/isexcluded_test.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-package fusefrontend_reverse
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-)
-
-func verifyExcluded(t *testing.T, rfs *ReverseFS, paths []string) {
-	for _, p := range paths {
-		if !rfs.isExcluded(p) {
-			t.Errorf("Path %q should be excluded, but is not", p)
-		}
-	}
-	if t.Failed() {
-		t.Logf("cExclude = %#v", rfs.cExclude)
-	}
-}
-
-// Note: See also the integration tests in
-// tests/reverse/exclude_test.go
-func TestIsExcluded(t *testing.T) {
-	var rfs ReverseFS
-	// If the root directory is excluded, all files and subdirs should be excluded
-	// as well
-	rfs.cExclude = []string{""}
-	verifyExcluded(t, &rfs, []string{"", "foo", "foo/bar"})
-}
diff --git a/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/mocks_test.go b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/mocks_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd2f940
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/mocks_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package fusefrontend_reverse
+
+import (
+	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/nametransform"
+)
+
+type IgnoreParserMock struct {
+	toExclude  string
+	calledWith string
+}
+
+func (parser *IgnoreParserMock) MatchesPath(f string) bool {
+	parser.calledWith = f
+	return f == parser.toExclude
+}
+
+type NameTransformMock struct {
+	nametransform.NameTransform
+}
+
+func (n *NameTransformMock) DecryptName(cipherName string, iv []byte) (string, error) {
+	return "mockdecrypt_" + cipherName, nil
+}
+
+func createRFSWithMocks() (*ReverseFS, *IgnoreParserMock) {
+	ignorerMock := &IgnoreParserMock{}
+	nameTransformMock := &NameTransformMock{}
+	var rfs ReverseFS
+	rfs.excluder = ignorerMock
+	rfs.nameTransform = nameTransformMock
+	return &rfs, ignorerMock
+}
diff --git a/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/reverse_longnames.go b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/reverse_longnames.go
index a425e64..9f044e8 100644
--- a/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/reverse_longnames.go
+++ b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/reverse_longnames.go
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ func (rfs *ReverseFS) findLongnameParent(dir string, dirIV []byte, longname stri
 
 func (rfs *ReverseFS) newNameFile(relPath string) (nodefs.File, fuse.Status) {
 	dotName := filepath.Base(relPath)                                    // gocryptfs.longname.XYZ.name
-	longname := dotName[:len(dotName)-len(nametransform.LongNameSuffix)] // gocryptfs.longname.XYZ
+	longname := nametransform.RemoveLongNameSuffix(dotName) // gocryptfs.longname.XYZ
 	// cipher directory
 	cDir := nametransform.Dir(relPath)
 	// plain directory
diff --git a/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/rfile.go b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/rfile.go
index 75932cb..9c31681 100644
--- a/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/rfile.go
+++ b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/rfile.go
@@ -34,19 +34,16 @@ type reverseFile struct {
 
 var inodeTable syncmap.Map
 
-// newFile decrypts and opens the path "relPath" and returns a reverseFile
+// newFile receives a ciphered path "relPath" and its corresponding
+// decrypted path "pRelPath", opens it and returns a reverseFile
 // object. The backing file descriptor is always read-only.
-func (rfs *ReverseFS) newFile(relPath string) (*reverseFile, fuse.Status) {
-	if rfs.isExcluded(relPath) {
+func (rfs *ReverseFS) newFile(relPath string, pRelPath string) (*reverseFile, fuse.Status) {
+	if rfs.isExcludedPlain(pRelPath) {
 		// Excluded paths should have been filtered out beforehand. Better safe
 		// than sorry.
 		tlog.Warn.Printf("BUG: newFile: received excluded path %q. This should not happen.", relPath)
 		return nil, fuse.ENOENT
 	}
-	pRelPath, err := rfs.decryptPath(relPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fuse.ToStatus(err)
-	}
 	dir := filepath.Dir(pRelPath)
 	dirfd, err := syscallcompat.OpenDirNofollow(rfs.args.Cipherdir, dir)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/rfs.go b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/rfs.go
index 6ee10fc..01ed122 100644
--- a/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/rfs.go
+++ b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/rfs.go
@@ -2,9 +2,7 @@ package fusefrontend_reverse
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"strings"
 	"syscall"
 
 	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
@@ -16,13 +14,13 @@ import (
 	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/configfile"
 	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/contentenc"
 	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/cryptocore"
-	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/ctlsock"
-	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/exitcodes"
 	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/fusefrontend"
 	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/nametransform"
 	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/pathiv"
 	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/syscallcompat"
 	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/tlog"
+
+	"github.com/sabhiram/go-gitignore"
 )
 
 // ReverseFS implements the pathfs.FileSystem interface and provides an
@@ -35,12 +33,11 @@ type ReverseFS struct {
 	// Stores configuration arguments
 	args fusefrontend.Args
 	// Filename encryption helper
-	nameTransform *nametransform.NameTransform
+	nameTransform nametransform.NameTransformer
 	// Content encryption helper
 	contentEnc *contentenc.ContentEnc
-	// Relative ciphertext paths to exclude (hide) from the user. Used by -exclude.
-	// With -plaintextnames, these are relative *plaintext* paths.
-	cExclude []string
+	// Tests wheter a path is excluded (hiden) from the user. Used by -exclude.
+	excluder ignore.IgnoreParser
 }
 
 var _ pathfs.FileSystem = &ReverseFS{}
@@ -48,7 +45,7 @@ var _ pathfs.FileSystem = &ReverseFS{}
 // NewFS returns an encrypted FUSE overlay filesystem.
 // In this case (reverse mode) the backing directory is plain-text and
 // ReverseFS provides an encrypted view.
-func NewFS(args fusefrontend.Args, c *contentenc.ContentEnc, n *nametransform.NameTransform) *ReverseFS {
+func NewFS(args fusefrontend.Args, c *contentenc.ContentEnc, n nametransform.NameTransformer) *ReverseFS {
 	initLongnameCache()
 	fs := &ReverseFS{
 		// pathfs.defaultFileSystem returns ENOSYS for all operations
@@ -58,34 +55,7 @@ func NewFS(args fusefrontend.Args, c *contentenc.ContentEnc, n *nametransform.Na
 		nameTransform: n,
 		contentEnc:    c,
 	}
-	if len(args.Exclude) > 0 {
-		for _, dirty := range args.Exclude {
-			clean := ctlsock.SanitizePath(dirty)
-			if clean != dirty {
-				tlog.Warn.Printf("-exclude: non-canonical path %q has been interpreted as %q", dirty, clean)
-			}
-			if clean == "" {
-				tlog.Fatal.Printf("-exclude: excluding the root dir %q makes no sense", clean)
-				os.Exit(exitcodes.ExcludeError)
-			}
-			cPath, err := fs.EncryptPath(clean)
-			if err != nil {
-				tlog.Fatal.Printf("-exclude: EncryptPath %q failed: %v", clean, err)
-				os.Exit(exitcodes.ExcludeError)
-			}
-			fs.cExclude = append(fs.cExclude, cPath)
-			if !fs.args.PlaintextNames {
-				// If we exclude
-				//   gocryptfs.longname.3vZ_r3eDPb1_fL3j5VA4rd_bcKWLKT9eaxOVIGK5HFA
-				// we should also exclude
-				//   gocryptfs.longname.3vZ_r3eDPb1_fL3j5VA4rd_bcKWLKT9eaxOVIGK5HFA.name
-				if nametransform.IsLongContent(filepath.Base(cPath)) {
-					fs.cExclude = append(fs.cExclude, cPath+nametransform.LongNameSuffix)
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		tlog.Debug.Printf("-exclude: %v -> %v", fs.args.Exclude, fs.cExclude)
-	}
+	fs.prepareExcluder(args)
 	return fs
 }
 
@@ -100,24 +70,64 @@ func relDir(path string) string {
 	return dir
 }
 
-// isExcluded finds out if relative ciphertext path "relPath" is excluded
-// (used when -exclude is passed by the user)
-func (rfs *ReverseFS) isExcluded(relPath string) bool {
-	for _, e := range rfs.cExclude {
-		// If the root dir is excluded, everything is excluded.
-		if e == "" {
-			return true
-		}
-		// This exact path is excluded
-		if e == relPath {
-			return true
-		}
-		// Files inside an excluded directory are also excluded
-		if strings.HasPrefix(relPath, e+"/") {
-			return true
+// getFileInfo returns information on a ciphertext path "relPath":
+// - ftype: file type (as returned by getFileType)
+// - excluded: if the path is excluded
+// - pPath: if it's not a special file, the decrypted path
+// - err: non nil if any error happens
+func (rfs *ReverseFS) getFileInfo(relPath string) (ftype fileType, excluded bool, pPath string, err error) {
+	ftype = rfs.getFileType(relPath)
+	if ftype == typeConfig {
+		excluded, pPath, err = false, "", nil
+		return
+	}
+	if ftype == typeDiriv {
+		parentDir := nametransform.Dir(relPath)
+		_, excluded, _, err = rfs.getFileInfo(parentDir)
+		pPath = ""
+		return
+	}
+	if ftype == typeName {
+		parentDir := nametransform.Dir(relPath)
+		var parentExcluded bool
+		_, parentExcluded, _, err = rfs.getFileInfo(parentDir)
+		if parentExcluded || err != nil {
+			excluded, pPath = parentExcluded, ""
+			return
 		}
+		relPath = nametransform.RemoveLongNameSuffix(relPath)
 	}
-	return false
+	pPath, err = rfs.decryptPath(relPath)
+	excluded = err == nil && rfs.isExcludedPlain(pPath)
+	return
+}
+
+type fileType int
+
+// Values returned by getFileType
+const (
+	// A regular file/directory/symlink
+	typeRegular fileType = iota
+	// A DirIV (gocryptfs.diriv) file
+	typeDiriv
+	// A .name file for a file with a long name
+	typeName
+	// The config file
+	typeConfig
+)
+
+// getFileType returns the type of file. Only the name is checked
+func (rfs *ReverseFS) getFileType(cPath string) fileType {
+	if rfs.isDirIV(cPath) {
+		return typeDiriv
+	}
+	if rfs.isNameFile(cPath) {
+		return typeName
+	}
+	if rfs.isTranslatedConfig(cPath) {
+		return typeConfig
+	}
+	return typeRegular
 }
 
 // isDirIV determines if the path points to a gocryptfs.diriv file
@@ -155,14 +165,18 @@ func (rfs *ReverseFS) isTranslatedConfig(relPath string) bool {
 // GetAttr - FUSE call
 // "relPath" is the relative ciphertext path
 func (rfs *ReverseFS) GetAttr(relPath string, context *fuse.Context) (*fuse.Attr, fuse.Status) {
-	if rfs.isExcluded(relPath) {
+	ftype, excluded, pPath, err := rfs.getFileInfo(relPath)
+	if excluded {
 		return nil, fuse.ENOENT
 	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fuse.ToStatus(err)
+	}
 	// Handle "gocryptfs.conf"
-	if rfs.isTranslatedConfig(relPath) {
+	if ftype == typeConfig {
 		absConfPath, _ := rfs.abs(configfile.ConfReverseName, nil)
 		var st syscall.Stat_t
-		err := syscall.Lstat(absConfPath, &st)
+		err = syscall.Lstat(absConfPath, &st)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fuse.ToStatus(err)
 		}
@@ -177,11 +191,11 @@ func (rfs *ReverseFS) GetAttr(relPath string, context *fuse.Context) (*fuse.Attr
 	var f nodefs.File
 	var status fuse.Status
 	virtual := false
-	if rfs.isDirIV(relPath) {
+	if ftype == typeDiriv {
 		virtual = true
 		f, status = rfs.newDirIVFile(relPath)
 	}
-	if rfs.isNameFile(relPath) {
+	if ftype == typeName {
 		virtual = true
 		f, status = rfs.newNameFile(relPath)
 	}
@@ -197,7 +211,7 @@ func (rfs *ReverseFS) GetAttr(relPath string, context *fuse.Context) (*fuse.Attr
 		}
 		return &a, status
 	}
-	dirfd, name, err := rfs.openBackingDir(relPath)
+	dirfd, name, err := rfs.openBackingDir(pPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fuse.ToStatus(err)
 	}
@@ -239,10 +253,14 @@ func (rfs *ReverseFS) GetAttr(relPath string, context *fuse.Context) (*fuse.Attr
 
 // Access - FUSE call
 func (rfs *ReverseFS) Access(relPath string, mode uint32, context *fuse.Context) fuse.Status {
-	if rfs.isExcluded(relPath) {
+	ftype, excluded, pPath, err := rfs.getFileInfo(relPath)
+	if excluded {
 		return fuse.ENOENT
 	}
-	if rfs.isTranslatedConfig(relPath) || rfs.isDirIV(relPath) || rfs.isNameFile(relPath) {
+	if err != nil {
+		return fuse.ToStatus(err)
+	}
+	if ftype != typeRegular {
 		// access(2) R_OK flag for checking if the file is readable, always 4 as defined in POSIX.
 		ROK := uint32(0x4)
 		// Virtual files can always be read and never written
@@ -251,7 +269,7 @@ func (rfs *ReverseFS) Access(relPath string, mode uint32, context *fuse.Context)
 		}
 		return fuse.EPERM
 	}
-	dirfd, name, err := rfs.openBackingDir(relPath)
+	dirfd, name, err := rfs.openBackingDir(pPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fuse.ToStatus(err)
 	}
@@ -262,19 +280,23 @@ func (rfs *ReverseFS) Access(relPath string, mode uint32, context *fuse.Context)
 
 // Open - FUSE call
 func (rfs *ReverseFS) Open(relPath string, flags uint32, context *fuse.Context) (fuseFile nodefs.File, status fuse.Status) {
-	if rfs.isExcluded(relPath) {
+	ftype, excluded, pPath, err := rfs.getFileInfo(relPath)
+	if excluded {
 		return nil, fuse.ENOENT
 	}
-	if rfs.isTranslatedConfig(relPath) {
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fuse.ToStatus(err)
+	}
+	if ftype == typeConfig {
 		return rfs.loopbackfs.Open(configfile.ConfReverseName, flags, context)
 	}
-	if rfs.isDirIV(relPath) {
+	if ftype == typeDiriv {
 		return rfs.newDirIVFile(relPath)
 	}
-	if rfs.isNameFile(relPath) {
+	if ftype == typeName {
 		return rfs.newNameFile(relPath)
 	}
-	return rfs.newFile(relPath)
+	return rfs.newFile(relPath, pPath)
 }
 
 func (rfs *ReverseFS) openDirPlaintextnames(relPath string, entries []fuse.DirEntry) ([]fuse.DirEntry, fuse.Status) {
@@ -304,13 +326,16 @@ func (rfs *ReverseFS) openDirPlaintextnames(relPath string, entries []fuse.DirEn
 
 // OpenDir - FUSE readdir call
 func (rfs *ReverseFS) OpenDir(cipherPath string, context *fuse.Context) ([]fuse.DirEntry, fuse.Status) {
-	if rfs.isExcluded(cipherPath) {
+	ftype, excluded, relPath, err := rfs.getFileInfo(cipherPath)
+	if excluded {
 		return nil, fuse.ENOENT
 	}
-	relPath, err := rfs.decryptPath(cipherPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fuse.ToStatus(err)
 	}
+	if ftype != typeRegular {
+		return nil, fuse.ENOTDIR
+	}
 	// Read plaintext dir
 	dirfd, err := syscallcompat.OpenDirNofollow(rfs.args.Cipherdir, filepath.Dir(relPath))
 	if err != nil {
@@ -332,9 +357,11 @@ func (rfs *ReverseFS) OpenDir(cipherPath string, context *fuse.Context) ([]fuse.
 		if !status.Ok() {
 			return nil, status
 		}
-		entries = rfs.excludeDirEntries(cipherPath, entries)
+		entries = rfs.excludeDirEntries(relPath, entries)
 		return entries, fuse.OK
 	}
+	// Filter out excluded entries
+	entries = rfs.excludeDirEntries(relPath, entries)
 	// Allocate maximum possible number of virtual files.
 	// If all files have long names we need a virtual ".name" file for each,
 	// plus one for gocryptfs.diriv.
@@ -370,24 +397,22 @@ func (rfs *ReverseFS) OpenDir(cipherPath string, context *fuse.Context) ([]fuse.
 	}
 	// Add virtual files
 	entries = append(entries, virtualFiles[:nVirtual]...)
-	// Filter out excluded entries
-	entries = rfs.excludeDirEntries(cipherPath, entries)
 	return entries, fuse.OK
 }
 
 // excludeDirEntries filters out directory entries that are "-exclude"d.
-// cDir is the relative ciphertext path to the directory these entries are
-// from.
-func (rfs *ReverseFS) excludeDirEntries(cDir string, entries []fuse.DirEntry) (filtered []fuse.DirEntry) {
-	if rfs.cExclude == nil {
+// pDir is the relative plaintext path to the directory these entries are
+// from. The entries should be plaintext files.
+func (rfs *ReverseFS) excludeDirEntries(pDir string, entries []fuse.DirEntry) (filtered []fuse.DirEntry) {
+	if rfs.excluder == nil {
 		return entries
 	}
 	filtered = make([]fuse.DirEntry, 0, len(entries))
 	for _, entry := range entries {
-		// filepath.Join handles the case of cipherPath="" correctly:
-		// Join("", "foo") -> "foo". This does not: cipherPath + "/" + name"
-		p := filepath.Join(cDir, entry.Name)
-		if rfs.isExcluded(p) {
+		// filepath.Join handles the case of pDir="" correctly:
+		// Join("", "foo") -> "foo". This does not: pDir + "/" + name"
+		p := filepath.Join(pDir, entry.Name)
+		if rfs.isExcludedPlain(p) {
 			// Skip file
 			continue
 		}
@@ -402,11 +427,12 @@ func (rfs *ReverseFS) excludeDirEntries(cDir string, entries []fuse.DirEntry) (f
 // it's worth, so we just ignore the path and always return info about the
 // backing storage root dir.
 func (rfs *ReverseFS) StatFs(relPath string) *fuse.StatfsOut {
-	if rfs.isExcluded(relPath) {
+	_, excluded, _, err := rfs.getFileInfo(relPath)
+	if excluded || err != nil {
 		return nil
 	}
 	var s syscall.Statfs_t
-	err := syscall.Statfs(rfs.args.Cipherdir, &s)
+	err = syscall.Statfs(rfs.args.Cipherdir, &s)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -417,10 +443,17 @@ func (rfs *ReverseFS) StatFs(relPath string) *fuse.StatfsOut {
 
 // Readlink - FUSE call
 func (rfs *ReverseFS) Readlink(relPath string, context *fuse.Context) (string, fuse.Status) {
-	if rfs.isExcluded(relPath) {
+	ftype, excluded, pPath, err := rfs.getFileInfo(relPath)
+	if excluded {
 		return "", fuse.ENOENT
 	}
-	dirfd, name, err := rfs.openBackingDir(relPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fuse.ToStatus(err)
+	}
+	if ftype != typeRegular {
+		return "", fuse.EINVAL
+	}
+	dirfd, name, err := rfs.openBackingDir(pPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", fuse.ToStatus(err)
 	}
@@ -436,7 +469,7 @@ func (rfs *ReverseFS) Readlink(relPath string, context *fuse.Context) (string, f
 	nonce := pathiv.Derive(relPath, pathiv.PurposeSymlinkIV)
 	// Symlinks are encrypted like file contents and base64-encoded
 	cBinTarget := rfs.contentEnc.EncryptBlockNonce([]byte(plainTarget), 0, nil, nonce)
-	cTarget := rfs.nameTransform.B64.EncodeToString(cBinTarget)
+	cTarget := rfs.nameTransform.B64EncodeToString(cBinTarget)
 	// The kernel will reject a symlink target above 4096 chars and return
 	// and I/O error to the user. Better emit the proper error ourselves.
 	if len(cTarget) > syscallcompat.PATH_MAX {
diff --git a/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/rfs_test.go b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/rfs_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eccaab9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/rfs_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+package fusefrontend_reverse
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/configfile"
+	"github.com/rfjakob/gocryptfs/internal/nametransform"
+)
+
+func TestShouldDetectDirIV(t *testing.T) {
+	var rfs ReverseFS
+	ftype := rfs.getFileType("some/path/" + nametransform.DirIVFilename)
+	if ftype != typeDiriv {
+		t.Errorf("Expecting %d, got %d\n", typeDiriv, ftype)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShouldDetectNameFile(t *testing.T) {
+	var rfs ReverseFS
+	ftype := rfs.getFileType("dir1/dir2/gocryptfs.longname.URrM8kgxTKYMgCk4hKk7RO9Lcfr30XQof4L_5bD9Iro=" + nametransform.LongNameSuffix)
+	if ftype != typeName {
+		t.Errorf("Expecting %d, got %d\n", typeName, ftype)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShouldDetectConfigFile(t *testing.T) {
+	var rfs ReverseFS
+	ftype := rfs.getFileType(configfile.ConfDefaultName)
+	if ftype != typeConfig {
+		t.Errorf("Expecting %d, got %d\n", typeConfig, ftype)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShouldDetectRegularFile(t *testing.T) {
+	var rfs ReverseFS
+	ftype := rfs.getFileType("documents/text_file.txt")
+	if ftype != typeRegular {
+		t.Errorf("Expecting %d, got %d\n", typeRegular, ftype)
+	}
+}
+
+// Note: For path exclusion, see also the integration tests in
+// tests/reverse/exclude_test.go
+func TestShouldNotCallIgnoreParserForTranslatedConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	rfs, ignorerMock := createRFSWithMocks()
+
+	ftype, excluded, _, err := rfs.getFileInfo(configfile.ConfDefaultName)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error %q\n", err)
+	}
+	if ftype != typeConfig {
+		t.Errorf("Wrong file type, expecting %d, got %d\n", typeConfig, ftype)
+	}
+	if excluded {
+		t.Error("Should not exclude translated config")
+	}
+	if ignorerMock.calledWith != "" {
+		t.Error("Should not call IgnoreParser for translated config")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShouldCheckIfParentIsExcludedForDirIV(t *testing.T) {
+	rfs, ignorerMock := createRFSWithMocks()
+	path := "dir"
+	ignorerMock.toExclude = "mockdecrypt_dir"
+	dirIV := path + "/" + nametransform.DirIVFilename
+
+	ftype, excluded, _, err := rfs.getFileInfo(dirIV)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error %q\n", err)
+	}
+	if ftype != typeDiriv {
+		t.Errorf("Wrong file type, expecting %d, got %d\n", typeDiriv, ftype)
+	}
+	if !excluded {
+		t.Error("Should have excluded DirIV based on parent")
+	}
+	if ignorerMock.calledWith != "mockdecrypt_dir" {
+		t.Errorf("Should have checked parent dir, checked %q", ignorerMock.calledWith)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShouldCheckIfParentIsExcludedForLongName(t *testing.T) {
+	rfs, ignorerMock := createRFSWithMocks()
+	path := "parent"
+	ignorerMock.toExclude = "mockdecrypt_parent"
+	dirIV := path + "/" + "gocryptfs.longname.fake.name"
+
+	ftype, excluded, _, err := rfs.getFileInfo(dirIV)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error %q\n", err)
+	}
+	if ftype != typeName {
+		t.Errorf("Wrong file type, expecting %d, got %d\n", typeName, ftype)
+	}
+	if !excluded {
+		t.Error("Should have excluded LongName based on parent")
+	}
+	if ignorerMock.calledWith != "mockdecrypt_parent" {
+		t.Errorf("Should have checked parent dir, checked %q", ignorerMock.calledWith)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShouldDecryptPathAndReturnTrueForExcludedPath(t *testing.T) {
+	rfs, ignorerMock := createRFSWithMocks()
+	ignorerMock.toExclude = "mockdecrypt_file.txt"
+
+	ftype, excluded, pPath, err := rfs.getFileInfo("file.txt")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Unexpected error %q\n", err)
+	}
+	if ftype != typeRegular {
+		t.Errorf("Wrong file type, expecting %d, got %d\n", typeRegular, ftype)
+	}
+	if !excluded {
+		t.Error("Should have excluded")
+	}
+	if pPath != "mockdecrypt_file.txt" {
+		t.Errorf("Wrong pPath returned, got %q\n", pPath)
+	}
+	if ignorerMock.calledWith != "mockdecrypt_file.txt" {
+		t.Error("Didn't call IgnoreParser with decrypted path")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/rpath.go b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/rpath.go
index 7115426..2da8379 100644
--- a/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/rpath.go
+++ b/internal/fusefrontend_reverse/rpath.go
@@ -96,16 +96,12 @@ func (rfs *ReverseFS) decryptPath(relPath string) (string, error) {
 	return pRelPath, nil
 }
 
-// openBackingDir decrypt the relative ciphertext path "cRelPath", opens
-// the directory that contains the target file/dir and returns the fd to
-// the directory and the decrypted name of the target file.
-// The fd/name pair is intended for use with fchownat and friends.
-func (rfs *ReverseFS) openBackingDir(cRelPath string) (dirfd int, pName string, err error) {
-	// Decrypt relative path
-	pRelPath, err := rfs.decryptPath(cRelPath)
-	if err != nil {
-		return -1, "", err
-	}
+// openBackingDir receives an already decrypted relative path
+// "pRelPath", opens the directory that contains the target file/dir
+// and returns the fd to the directory and the decrypted name of the
+// target file. The fd/name pair is intended for use with fchownat and
+// friends.
+func (rfs *ReverseFS) openBackingDir(pRelPath string) (dirfd int, pName string, err error) {
 	// Open directory, safe against symlink races
 	pDir := filepath.Dir(pRelPath)
 	dirfd, err = syscallcompat.OpenDirNofollow(rfs.args.Cipherdir, pDir)
diff --git a/internal/nametransform/longnames.go b/internal/nametransform/longnames.go
index 7a6d413..1bbcbb6 100644
--- a/internal/nametransform/longnames.go
+++ b/internal/nametransform/longnames.go
@@ -69,6 +69,13 @@ func IsLongContent(cName string) bool {
 	return NameType(cName) == LongNameContent
 }
 
+// RemoveLongNameSuffix removes the ".name" suffix from cName, returning the corresponding
+// content file name.
+// No check is made if cName actually is a LongNameFilename.
+func RemoveLongNameSuffix(cName string) string {
+	return cName[:len(cName)-len(LongNameSuffix)]
+}
+
 // ReadLongName - read cName + ".name" from the directory opened as dirfd.
 //
 // Symlink-safe through Openat().
diff --git a/internal/nametransform/longnames_test.go b/internal/nametransform/longnames_test.go
index 8fa19fe..4210492 100644
--- a/internal/nametransform/longnames_test.go
+++ b/internal/nametransform/longnames_test.go
@@ -20,3 +20,11 @@ func TestIsLongName(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("False positive")
 	}
 }
+
+func TestRemoveLongNameSuffix(t *testing.T) {
+	filename := "gocryptfs.longname.LkwUdALvV_ANnzQN6ZZMYnxxfARD3IeZWCKnxGJjYmU=.name"
+	content := "gocryptfs.longname.LkwUdALvV_ANnzQN6ZZMYnxxfARD3IeZWCKnxGJjYmU="
+	if RemoveLongNameSuffix(filename) != content {
+		t.Error(".name suffix not removed")
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/nametransform/names.go b/internal/nametransform/names.go
index 20fbede..d5c2c8b 100644
--- a/internal/nametransform/names.go
+++ b/internal/nametransform/names.go
@@ -17,6 +17,17 @@ const (
 	NameMax = 255
 )
 
+// NameTransformer is an interface used to transform filenames.
+type NameTransformer interface {
+	DecryptName(cipherName string, iv []byte) (string, error)
+	EncryptName(plainName string, iv []byte) string
+	EncryptAndHashName(name string, iv []byte) (string, error)
+	HashLongName(name string) string
+	WriteLongNameAt(dirfd int, hashName string, plainName string) error
+	B64EncodeToString(src []byte) string
+	B64DecodeString(s string) ([]byte, error)
+}
+
 // NameTransform is used to transform filenames.
 type NameTransform struct {
 	emeCipher *eme.EMECipher
@@ -88,3 +99,13 @@ func (n *NameTransform) EncryptName(plainName string, iv []byte) (cipherName64 s
 	cipherName64 = n.B64.EncodeToString(bin)
 	return cipherName64
 }
+
+// B64EncodeToString returns a Base64-encoded string
+func (n *NameTransform) B64EncodeToString(src []byte) string {
+	return n.B64.EncodeToString(src)
+}
+
+// B64DecodeString decodes a Base64-encoded string
+func (n *NameTransform) B64DecodeString(s string) ([]byte, error) {
+	return n.B64.DecodeString(s)
+}
diff --git a/mount.go b/mount.go
index 03cbc0b..6c94240 100644
--- a/mount.go
+++ b/mount.go
@@ -231,15 +231,17 @@ func initFuseFrontend(args *argContainer) (pfs pathfs.FileSystem, wipeKeys func(
 		args.allow_other = true
 	}
 	frontendArgs := fusefrontend.Args{
-		Cipherdir:      args.cipherdir,
-		PlaintextNames: args.plaintextnames,
-		LongNames:      args.longnames,
-		ConfigCustom:   args._configCustom,
-		NoPrealloc:     args.noprealloc,
-		SerializeReads: args.serialize_reads,
-		ForceDecode:    args.forcedecode,
-		ForceOwner:     args._forceOwner,
-		Exclude:        args.exclude,
+		Cipherdir:       args.cipherdir,
+		PlaintextNames:  args.plaintextnames,
+		LongNames:       args.longnames,
+		ConfigCustom:    args._configCustom,
+		NoPrealloc:      args.noprealloc,
+		SerializeReads:  args.serialize_reads,
+		ForceDecode:     args.forcedecode,
+		ForceOwner:      args._forceOwner,
+		Exclude:         args.exclude,
+		ExcludeWildcard: args.excludeWildcard,
+		ExcludeFrom:     args.excludeFrom,
 	}
 	// confFile is nil when "-zerokey" or "-masterkey" was used
 	if confFile != nil {
diff --git a/tests/reverse/exclude_test.go b/tests/reverse/exclude_test.go
index 150b358..1662f93 100644
--- a/tests/reverse/exclude_test.go
+++ b/tests/reverse/exclude_test.go
@@ -15,11 +15,19 @@ const xxx = "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 /*
 tree exclude_test_fs
 exclude_test_fs/
+├── bkp1~
 ├── dir1
 │   ├── file1
 │   ├── file2
+│   ├── exclude
+│   ├── longbkp1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx~
 │   ├── longfile1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
-│   └── longfile2xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
+│   ├── longfile2xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
+│   ├── longfile3xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
+│   └── subdir1
+│       ├── exclude
+│       └── subdir2
+│           └── exclude
 ├── dir2
 │   ├── file
 │   ├── longdir1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
@@ -30,11 +38,13 @@ exclude_test_fs/
 ├── file1
 ├── file2
 ├── longdir1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
-│   └── file
+│   └── file1
 ├── longdir2xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
+│   ├── bkp~
 │   └── file
 ├── longfile1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
-└── longfile2xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
+├── longfile2xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
+└── longfile3xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
 */
 
 func ctlsockEncryptPath(t *testing.T, sock string, path string) string {
@@ -47,26 +57,46 @@ func ctlsockEncryptPath(t *testing.T, sock string, path string) string {
 }
 
 func testExclude(t *testing.T, flag string) {
+	pPatterns := []string{
+		"file1",                      // matches file1 anywhere
+		"!longdir1" + xxx + "/file1", // ! includes an otherwise file
+		"file2/",                     // a trailing slash matches only a directory
+		"dir1/file2",                 // matches file2 inside dir1 anywhere
+		"#file2",                     // comments are ignored
+		"dir2",                       // excludes the whole directory
+		"longfile2" + xxx,            // matches longfile2 anywhere
+		"/longfile3" + xxx,           // a leading / anchors the match at the root
+		"*~",                         // wildcards are supported
+		"dir1/**/exclude",            // ** matches any number of directories
+	}
 	pOk := []string{
 		"file2",
-		"dir1/file1",
 		"dir1/longfile1" + xxx,
+		"dir1/longfile3" + xxx,
 		"longdir1" + xxx,
-		"longdir1" + xxx + "/file",
+		"longdir1" + xxx + "/file1",
+		"longdir2" + xxx + "/file",
 		"longfile1" + xxx,
 	}
 	pExclude := []string{
-		"file1",
+		"bkp1~",
+		"dir1/file1",
 		"dir1/file2",
+		"dir1/exclude",
+		"dir1/longbkp1" + xxx + "~",
 		"dir1/longfile2" + xxx,
+		"dir1/subdir1/exclude",
+		"dir1/subdir1/subdir2/exclude",
 		"dir2",
 		"dir2/file",
-		"dir2/file/xxx",
-		"dir2/subdir",
-		"dir2/subdir/file",
 		"dir2/longdir1" + xxx + "/file",
 		"dir2/longfile." + xxx,
+		"dir2/subdir",
+		"dir2/subdir/file",
+		"file1",
+		"longdir2" + xxx + "/bkp~",
 		"longfile2" + xxx,
+		"longfile3" + xxx,
 	}
 	// Mount reverse fs
 	mnt, err := ioutil.TempDir(test_helpers.TmpDir, "TestExclude")
@@ -75,7 +105,7 @@ func testExclude(t *testing.T, flag string) {
 	}
 	sock := mnt + ".sock"
 	cliArgs := []string{"-reverse", "-extpass", "echo test", "-ctlsock", sock}
-	for _, v := range pExclude {
+	for _, v := range pPatterns {
 		cliArgs = append(cliArgs, flag, v)
 	}
 	if plaintextnames {
@@ -120,6 +150,6 @@ func encryptExcludeTestPaths(t *testing.T, socket string, pRelPaths []string) (o
 }
 
 func TestExclude(t *testing.T) {
-	testExclude(t, "-exclude")
-	testExclude(t, "-e")
+	testExclude(t, "-exclude-wildcard")
+	testExclude(t, "-ew")
 }
diff --git a/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/longdir1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/file b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/bkp1~
index e69de29..e69de29 100644
--- a/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/longdir1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/file
+++ b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/bkp1~
diff --git a/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/dir1/exclude b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/dir1/exclude
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/dir1/exclude
diff --git a/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/dir1/longbkp1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx~ b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/dir1/longbkp1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx~
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/dir1/longbkp1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx~
diff --git a/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/dir1/longfile3xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/dir1/longfile3xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/dir1/longfile3xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
diff --git a/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/dir1/subdir1/exclude b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/dir1/subdir1/exclude
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/dir1/subdir1/exclude
diff --git a/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/dir1/subdir1/subdir2/exclude b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/dir1/subdir1/subdir2/exclude
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/dir1/subdir1/subdir2/exclude
diff --git a/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/longdir1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/file1 b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/longdir1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/file1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/longdir1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/file1
diff --git a/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/longdir2xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/bkp~ b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/longdir2xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/bkp~
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/longdir2xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx/bkp~
diff --git a/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/longfile3xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/longfile3xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/reverse/exclude_test_fs/longfile3xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx